Composting transforms the organic components of solid waste into a substance resembling 
hummus. This end product, being inert, is useful either as a soil enhancer or as a 
material for covering landfills.

While chemical fertilizers offer immediate nutrient availability to plants, their drawbacks are 
significant and numerous. These fertilizers are known for their negative environmental impacts,
including contributing to the greenhouse effect, polluting ecosystems, harming soil and
marine life, depleting the ozone layer, and potentially causing human health issues. 
Consequently, these concerns have led to a renewed interest in using compost as 
a more sustainable method of enriching the soil. 

Composting, a crucial practice in agriculture, is instrumental in the reuse of farm waste. However, it 
faces its challenges, primarily the extended time required for decomposition, especially in the 
case of co-composting where certain materials decompose more slowly.

In London, the challenge of land availability significantly impacts composting efforts for many waste 
management businesses. Limited space in this densely populated city makes it difficult to find suitable 
locations for composting facilities. This constraint not only affects the capacity to process large 
volumes of organic waste but also influences the overall efficiency and feasibility of composting as a 
waste management strategy. As a result, London's waste management companies must navigate these 
space constraints while striving to implement sustainable composting solutions.